Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke itinye ego itinye ego

Taa n'isiokwu a, anyị na-agbalị ịmepụta obere akụkọ ihe mere eme banyereusoro nkedo itinye ego. Dịka ụzọ nkedo ochie mana nke ọhụrụ, nkedo itinye ego na-etolite dịka teknụzụ ọhụrụ ewelitere site n'oge ruo n'oge. N'ihi mmepe nke teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ, ihe nkedo na igwe, ọbụlagodi usoro ihe eji eme ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ihe eji eme ya ọtụtụ puku afọ gara aga, nkedo itinye ego na-emeziwanye nke ọma na nkedo ahụ nwere oke mma elu na nnabata siri ike na nrụpụta nrụpụta dị elu. .

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe nkedo furu efu na-amalitela ọtụtụ puku afọ. Ojiji izizi ya bụ maka arụsị, ihe ịchọ mma na ihe ịchọ mma, iji beeswax eke eme ihe maka ụkpụrụ, ụrọ maka ịkpụzi na mgbịrịgba ejiri aka rụọ ọkụ maka ịgbanye ọkụ. Achọtala ihe atụ n'ofe ụwa na India's Harappan Civilization (2500-2000 BC) arụsị, ili Ijipt nke Tutankhamun (1333-1324 BC), Mesopotamia, Aztec na Mayan Mexico, na mmepeanya Benin na Africa ebe usoro ahụ mepụtara ihe osise zuru ezu nke ọla kọpa, ọla na ọla edo.

Edemede izizi mara nke na-akọwa usoro ntinye ntinye ego ( Schedula Diversarum Artium) ka Theophilus Presbyter dere n'ihe dịka 1100 AD site n'aka Theophilus Presbyter, onye mọnk nke kọwara usoro nrụpụta dị iche iche, gụnyere ntụzịaka maka akpụkpọ anụ. Onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ọla edo Benvenuto Cellini (1500-1571) ji akwụkwọ a, bụ onye kọwapụtara n'akụkọ ndụ ya gbasara usoro ntinye ego o jiri mee Perseus na isi ihe ọkpụkpụ Medusa nke guzo na Loggia dei Lanzi na Florence, Italy.

A malitere iji nkedo itinye ego dị ka usoro mmepụta ihe ọgbara ọhụrụ na njedebe narị afọ nke 19, mgbe ndị dọkịta ezé malitere iji ya mee okpueze na inlays, dị ka Dr. D. Philbrook nke Council Bluffs, Iowa kọwara na 1897. Ojiji ya bụ Dr. William H. Taggart nke Chicago, onye akwụkwọ 1907 kọwara mmepe ya nke usoro. Ọ rụpụtakwara ihe nrụnye wax nke nwere ọmarịcha akụrụngwa, mepụta ihe eji etinye ego, ma mepụta igwe nkedo ikuku.

N'ime 1940s, karịsịa Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ mụbara ọchịchọ maka imepụta ụdị net nke ọma na alloys pụrụ iche nke a na-apụghị ịkpụzi site na usoro nkedo ọdịnala, ma ọ bụ a chọrọ nnukwu igwe. Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe tụgharịrị na nkedo itinye ego. Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, usoro nkedo wax furu efu gbasaara n'ọtụtụ ngwa azụmahịa na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke na-eji akụkụ ọla dị mgbagwoju anya wee bilie na-achịkwa n'ichepụta ngwa agha site na iji nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ iji belata machining na-arụ ọrụ.

Usoro ntinye ntinye ego nke oge a (ihe nkedo wax furu efu) sitere na mmepe na United Kingdom nke usoro shei na-eji usoro wax mara dị ka usoro ntinye ego X. Usoro a na-edozi nsogbu nke iwepụ wax site na ikpuchi shei emechara na nke akpọnwụwo n'ime ihe na-ekpochapụ uzuoku. Uzuoku ahụ gafere shea ahụ ka ọ gbazee ma gbazee wax. Emebela usoro a kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ n'ime usoro a na-agbaze waks na-amaghị nwoke na autoclave ma ọ bụ ọkụ.