Monel 400 nickel dabeere Alloy

Monel alloy bụ Alloy dabeere Ni, isi ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ya bụ nickel (Ni), ọdịnaya kachasị elu ruru 67%, ihe ndị ọzọ mejupụtara kemịkalụ bụ ọla kọpa (Cu), yana nwekwara obere ígwè (Fe). , manganese (Mn) na carbon (C), silicon (Si) na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Ike nke Monel alloy dị elu karịa nke nickel dị ọcha, ọ pụkwara iguzogide corrosion nke mgbasa ozi dị iche iche, gụnyere mmiri mmiri na-agba ọsọ ọsọ. Usoro nhazi nke Monel alloy gụnyere ọrụ ọkụ, ịrụ ọrụ oyi, igwe na ịgbado ọkụ.

N'afọ 1901, Robert Crooks Stanley, onye na-ahụ maka metallurgist na International Nickel Company (INCO), kere Monel alloy.

Isi iyi nke Monel alloy aha dabere na ozi iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka onye isi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ Ambrose Monell (Ambrose Monell) mgbe ahụ. Ka e mesịrị, Maazị Stanley rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke International Nickel Corporation. Monel alloy e nyere patent na 1906.

Monel alloy bụ alloy dị oke ọnụ nke ọnụahịa ya dị okpukpu 5-10 nke ọla kọpa dị ọcha na nickel dị ọcha. Ya mere, a na-eji ya naanị na ngwa ebe ọ na-enweghị ike iji ihe ndị ọzọ dị ọnụ ala dochie ya.

 

Ngwakọta kemịkalụ na akụrụngwa nke Monel 400 Alloy (N0440):

 

Ngwakọta kemịkalụ nke Monel 400 Alloy (%)
C ≤	Si ≤	Mn ≤	P ≤	S ≤	Cr ≥	Ee ≥	Mo ≥	Ku ≤
0.3	0.5	2	-	0.024	-	63	-	28.0-34.0
Ndị ọzọ	N ≤	A l≤	Nke ≤	F e≤	Co ≤	V ≤	W ≤	Nb ≤
	-	-	-	2.5	-	-	-	-

1. Monel 400 (N04400) alloy tensile ike: σb ≥ 450 Mpa.
2. Monel 400 (N04400) alloy ike mkpụrụ: σb ≥ 170 Mpa.
3. Monel 400 (N04400) elongation alloy: δ ≥ 30%.

 

Njirimara nke Alloy Ego

Monel alloy bụ ihe ngwọta siri ike ọnụọgụ abụọ alloy. Ebe ọ bụ na Ni na Cu na-agbaze n'ime ibe ya, ọ bụkwa ihe na-eme otu oge. E jiri ya tụnyere ígwè, ịrụ ọrụ nke Monel alloy siri ike, tumadi n'ihi njirimara ike ịrụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa. Ọ na-achọ ntụgharị na obere ọsọ yana ọnụego nri dị ala.

Njupụta nke Monel alloy 400 bụ 8.80 g / cm3, na-agbaze okpomọkụ nso bụ 1300 ~ 1350 Celsius C, conductivity bụ banyere 34% IACS (IACS na-ezo aka International Standard Conductivity nke Annealed ọla kọpa), na annealed hardness uru bụ 65 HRB. A maara Monel alloy 400 nke ọma maka ịdị ike ya ma nwee ike idowe ike a na oke okpomọkụ.

Ọ nwere ike iguzogide corrosion nke acid dị iche iche na alkalis, na ụfọdụ Monel alloys nwere ike ọbụna iguzogide ikuku oxygen dị ọcha. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na gburugburu ebe ndị na-emebi emebi. Monel alloy K-500 kpụrụ mgbe agbakwunyere a obere ego nke aluminum (Al) na titanium (Ti) nwere otu corrosion eguzogide Monel alloy 400 ma elu ike, nke bụ tumadi n'ihi guzobe γ'phase n'oge ịka nká ọgwụgwọ. N'okpuru ọnọdụ nkịtị, Monel alloy dị oke ọnụ karịa igwe anaghị agba nchara.

Monel alloy 400 nwekwara ike ịnọgide na-enwe ọmarịcha akụrụngwa n'okpuru efu. Ọ bụ ezie na ike na ike ga-abawanye, plasticity ma ọ bụ ike ga-ebelata ntakịrị. Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na a na-eme ka ọ dị mma na hydrogen mmiri mmiri, alloy agaghị enwe mgbanwe ductile-brittle. Nke a bụ ihe dị iche n'etiti Monel alloy na ferrous metal ihe (steel na ígwè) na obere okpomọkụ brittleness.

Monel alloy nwere ezigbo nguzogide corrosion n'ọtụtụ gburugburu, mana ọ na-adịkarị mfe nchara mgbe a na-ekpughe ya na mmiri nnu; ọ nweghị ike iguzogide corrosion nke mgbasa ozi nwere nitric oxide, nitric acid, sulfur dioxide na hypochlorite. Iji Monel alloy ga-ebutekwa corrosion electrochemical. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, mgbe ihe nkedo nke aluminom, zinc ma ọ bụ ígwè batara na kọntaktị Monel alloy, n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ (dịka iji mmiri mmiri na-agba ọsọ ọsọ), nkedo ígwè a ga-emebi ngwa ngwa.

 

Ojiji nke Monel alloy

Igwe ikuku
N'afọ 1960. Monel alloy emeriela ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke iwu n'ọhịa nke oghere na ụgbọ elu. A na-eji eme ihe karịsịa iji wuo fuselage na akpụkpọ nke ụgbọ elu jet nnwale. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji North America X-15 na-anagide oke ọkụ na-ebute site na esemokwu ikuku n'oge ụgbọ elu dị oke ngwa ngwa. Monel alloy ka nwere ike idowe ike ya na oke okpomọkụ, na-enye ya ohere ịnọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike n'ụdị ya n'ọsọ ụgbọ elu dị elu. N'oge mmezi ụgbọ elu, a na-eji Monel alloy dị ka waya mkpọchi na mpaghara okpomọkụ dị elu iji hụ na a na-ekpochi ihe nkedo; maka ebumnuche akụ na ụba, a na-ejikarị eriri igwe anaghị agba nchara na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.

Mwepụta na Nnụcha mmanụ
A na-eji Monel mee akụkụ ndị na-akpọtụrụ hydrofluoric acid gbadoro ụkwụ ozugbo na mpaghara alkylation. Nguzogide pụrụ iche nke Monel alloy na hydrofluoric acid corrosion dị ịtụnanya. Ọ nwere ike iguzogide mkpokọta hydrofluoric acid niile, na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nwere ike iru ebe mmiri na-esi mmiri nke hydrofluoric acid. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ ihe nwere nguzogide corrosion kacha mma n'etiti ihe alloy injinia na-ejikarị. Monel alloy nwekwara ike iguzogide corrosion nke sulfide dị iche iche na hydrochloric acid na gburugburu ebe na-ebelata.

Injinia mmiri
Nguzogide corrosion nke Monel alloy na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị mma maka ngwa mmiri, dị ka usoro ọkpọkọ, ogwe mgbapụta, valvụ mmiri, ahịrị ịkụ azụ na ihe nzacha nkata. Ụfọdụ Monel alloys bụ kpam kpam na-abụghị magnetik, na-eji na-eme ka arịlịka cables maka minesweepers na homes maka magnetik elele akụrụngwa. N'ụgbọ mmiri, a na-eji waya alloy Monel kpọchie eriri eriri arịlịka. A na-ejikwa mmanụ ọkụ na-emepụta tankị mmiri na tankị mmanụ ọkụ na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ dị n'okpuru mmiri, dị ka ihe mkpuchi na mkpuchi mkpuchi.

Ekwesiri iburu n'uche na n'ihi nsogbu nke electrochemical corrosion (bimetallic corrosion) na mmiri oké osimiri, Monel alloy ga-anọpụ iche na ọla ndị ọzọ (dị ka ígwè) n'oge ụgbọ mmiri. Akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ́ The New York Times bipụtara n’August 25, 1915. Otu isiokwu dị na ” kọrọ banyere ihe ọghọm ụgbọ mmiri dị mita 215 n’ogologo, sị: “Ụgbọ mmiri mbụ nke e ji arụsị arụ ọrụ Monel alloy bụ iberibe iberibe n’ime nanị izu isii, e mekwara ya manyere ịkwatu". N'ihi corrosion nke electrochemical, igwe ihe nchara nchara nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na-emebi ngwa ngwa ma mee ka ọ dị nro ka ha na Monel alloy mekọrịtachara, nke mechara bute ọdịda nke ala ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. N'ihe gbasara nyocha nnụnụ mmiri, ọkachasị nhọpụta ihe maka mgbanaka njirimara ụkwụ nnụnụ, ejirila mgbanaka njirimara ụkwụ nnụnụ nke Monel alloy mere n'ọtụtụ ụdị nnụnụ mmiri, dịka albatross bi na gburugburu mmiri mmiri na-emebi emebi.

Ngwa egwu
A na-eji alloy Monel mee ụfọdụ pistons ma ọ bụ rotors ngwá egwu dị elu, dị ka obere, nnukwu na mpi French. RotoSound ji Monel alloy mee ụdọ ọkụ eletrik na 1962. Ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe na-eji eriri ndị a. Na 2017, D'Addario string ụlọ ọrụ (D'Addario string company) wepụtara otu set nke violin eriri ngwaahịa, nke bụkwa gburugburu-ọnya eriri na Monel alloy ọnya na D na G strings.

 

Ojiji ndị ọzọ
Mkpado njirimara emere nke Monel alloy ( mkpado nkịta maka ndị agha America n'oge Agha IIwa nke Abụọ)

Nguzogide corrosion dị mma na acid dị iche iche na oxygen na-eme ka Monel alloy bụrụ ihe dị elu na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ. Ọnọdụ ojiji ndị ọzọ dị ka:
1. Nkwalite uranium, ọtụtụ n'ime pipeline buru ibu nke ejiri maka uranium hexafluoride bụ nke Monel alloy;
2. valvụ na-achịkwa maka nrụgide dị elu na gas na-emeghachi omume siri ike (dị ka HCl);
3. Na mmalite narị afọ nke iri abụọ, a na-eji Monel alloy eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na usoro uzuoku na-ekpo ọkụ nke igwe ọkụ ọkụ;
4. Monel alloy na-ejikarị eme ka kichin sink na spectacle okpokolo agba;
5. Ụlọ ọkụ na-eji ọkụ na-eme ka ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ;
6. Ndụ imewe nke elekere ogologo ugbu a bụ afọ 10,000. N'ịkọwa na a naghị eji ọla dị oke ọnụ ahịa eme ihe, akụkụ ụfọdụ nke elekere bụ nke Monel alloy ihe na-adabere na nchegbu banyere nguzogide corrosion.