Ihe nkedo ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ha

Ihe nkedo ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ bụ akụkụ nke sitere na alloy alloy na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị ka akụrụngwa. N'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu, ígwè na-eguzogide oxidation, ike okpomọkụ zuru oke na ezigbo ọkụ ọkụ na-akpọ ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ. Enwere ike kewaa ígwè na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụdị abụọ: ígwè na-eguzogide oxidation na ike ọkụ dị ka ihe onwunwe ya si dị. A na-akpọkwa ígwè mgbochi oxidation dị ka igwe anaghị agba nchara. Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ezo aka na ígwè nke nwere ezigbo nkwụsị oxidation na okpomọkụ dị elu na ike dị elu. N'ihe gbasara otu ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ, steeti ihe nkedo nwere ike ọkụ dị elu karịa steeti akpọrela. Akụkụ nchara nke na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-enwe oke n'ọhịa nke ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ.

Ụfọdụ nchara dị elu na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na-esiri ike ịhazi na nrụrụ. Mmepụta nke nkedo abụghị naanị ọnụ ahịa karịa ngwaahịa akpọrepu, kamakwa nkedo nwere ike ntachi obi dị elu. Ya mere, ígwè nkedo na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na-enwe oke nchara nke na-eguzogide okpomọkụ. Na mgbakwunye na nkedo ájá, a nwekwara ike iji usoro nkedo nkenke nweta ngwaahịa ndị nwere elu dị larịị na akụkụ ziri ezi. A na-ejikarị nkedo centrifugal eme tubes ọkụ dị elu maka mgbawa nke amonia sịntetik na ethylene.

Dị ka ihe owuwu metallographic dị na steeti nkịtị, nkedo nkedo na-eguzogide okpomọkụ nwere ike kewaa ụzọ anọ: pearlite okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ígwè, martensitic okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ígwè, ferritic okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ígwè, na austenitic okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ígwè.

 

1. Ihe nkedo na-eguzogide Pearlitic

Ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe nkedo nke pearlite na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ chromium na molybdenum, na mkpokọta ego anaghị agafe 5%. Na mgbakwunye na pearlite na ferrite, usoro ya nwekwara bainite. Nke a na ụdị ígwè nwere ezigbo elu-okpomọkụ ike na usoro arụmọrụ na 500-600 ℃. Ha na-ọtụtụ-eji na-eme ka okpomọkụ na-eguzogide akụkụ n'okpuru 600 ℃, dị ka ji esi mmiri ọkụ ígwè ọkpọkọ, uzuoku turbine impellers, rotors, fasteners, elu-nrụgide arịa, pipelines, wdg Akara akara ule bụ: 16Mo, 15CrMo, 12Cr1MoV, 12Cr2MoWVTiB, 110 , 25Cr2Mo1V, 20Cr3MoWV, wdg.

A na-edozi ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke ihe nkedo nchara na-eguzogide pearlite na-emekarị ma ọ bụ na-emenyụ ma na-ewe iwe iji nweta ihe owuwu siri ike, ihe ndị dị mma zuru ezu na-arụ ọrụ na ike achọrọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu.

 

2. Ihe nkedo nke Martensitic Okpomọkụ na-eguzogide

Ọdịnaya chromium nke ihe nkedo na-egbochi okpomọkụ martensitic bụ n'ozuzu 7-13%. Ọ nwere elu elu-okpomọkụ ike, ọxịdashọn-eguzogide na mmiri vapor corrosion eguzogide n'okpuru 650 ℃, ma ya weldability bụ ogbenye. 1Cr13, 2Cr13 nwere banyere 12% chromium, na ígwè akara ule mepụtara na nke a ndabere dị ka 1Cr11MoV, 1Cr12WMoV, 2Cr12WMoNbVB na ndị ọzọ alloys na-na-eji na-eme ka uzuoku turbine agụba, discs, aro, fasteners, 44C na mgbakwunye, 1Cr2Cr. wdg eji na mmepụta nke iyuzucha valves maka esịtidem combustion engines bụkwa martensitic okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ígwè.

Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ a na-ahụkarị maka nkedo ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na-eme ka ọ dị mma + na-ewe iwe ọkụ.

 

3. Ferritic Okpomọkụ na-eguzogide igwe nkedo

Ferritic okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ihe nkedo ígwè nwere ihe chromium, aluminum, silicon na ihe ndị ọzọ, na-akpụ a otu-phase ferrite Ọdịdị, nke nwere ezigbo oxidation nguzogide na elu okpomọkụ ikuku corrosion iguzogide, ma ha elu okpomọkụ ike dị ala, na ụlọ okpomọkụ The brittleness. bụ ukwuu na weldability bụ ogbenye. Dị ka 1Cr13SiAl, 1Cr25Si2, wdg Ferritic okpomọkụ na-eguzogide nkedo ígwè a na-ejikarị eme akụkụ ndị na-ebu obere ibu ma na-achọ nnukwu okpomọkụ oxidation nguzogide.

Ngwọta okpomọkụ nke ihe nkedo ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na-emekarị ka ọ kwụsịlata iji belata nchekasị, wee mee ka ọ dị jụụ ngwa ngwa (iji gafere ngwa ngwa na mpaghara kenkuwa nke 400-500 ℃).

 

4. Austenitic Okpomọkụ na-eguzogide igwe nkedo

Ihe nkedo nke Austenitic na-eguzogide okpomọkụ nwere ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpụ austenite dị ka nickel, manganese, nitrogen, wdg, na okpomọkụ dị elu karịa 600 ° C, ọ nwere ezigbo ike okpomọkụ na nkwụsi ike nhazi, yana ịrụ ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ. A na-ejikarị eme ihe dị ka ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ n'elu 600 ° C. Akara ule a na-ahụkarị bụ 1Cr18Ni9Ti (321), 1Cr23Ni13 (309), 0Cr25Ni20 (310S), 1Cr25Ni20Si2 (314), 2Cr20Mn9Ni2Si2N, 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo, wdg.

Enwere ike ịgwọ Austenitic mgbochi oxidation ígwè na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị elu iji nweta ezigbo nrụrụ oyi. A na-ebu ụzọ emeso ígwè Austenitic na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị elu, mgbe ahụ, a na-eme ọgwụgwọ ịka nká na 60-100 ℃ dị elu karịa ojiji okpomọkụ iji mee ka nhazi ahụ dị ike ma mee ka usoro nke abụọ dịkwuo ike matriks.

 

Ojiji nke ihe nkedo ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ

A na-ejikarị ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na-emepụta akụkụ na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na okpomọkụ dị elu na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị ka igwe ọkụ ọkụ, ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ, igwe ọkụ, ọkụ ọkụ ụlọ ọrụ, na ụgbọ elu na petrochemical. Na mgbakwunye na ike dị elu na okpomọkụ dị elu na oxidation na corrosion resistance, akụkụ ndị a na-achọkwa ike zuru ezu, ọrụ dị mma na weldability, na ụfọdụ nkwụsi ike nhazi dịka ojiji dị iche iche si dị.

 

Ụfọdụ akara ule nke Igwe na-eguzogide okpomọkụ yana ngwa ha
Ọkwa ígwè	Okpomọkụ na ngwa ngwa
00Cr12	Anti-oxidation okpomọkụ 600 ~ 700 ℃, eji dị ka elu okpomọkụ, elu nsogbu valvụ ahụ, ọkụ
0Cr13 Al	Ọdabara okpomọkụ nso 700 ~ 800 ℃, gas turbine compressor agụba
1 cr17	Anti-oxidation na okpomọkụ n'okpuru 900 ℃, eji dị ka elu okpomọkụ akụkụ na nozzles maka oven
1Cr12	Oxidation eguzogide na elu elu okpomọkụ ike na okpomọkụ nso nke 600 ~ 700 ℃ na-eji maka elu okpomọkụ akụkụ nke uzuoku turbine agụba, nozzles, na ji esi mmiri ọkụ valves.
1 cr13	The ọxịdashọn eguzogide okpomọkụ bụ 700 ~ 800 ℃, na ojiji bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka nke 1Cr12 ígwè.
0Cr18Ni9,1Cr18Ni9Ti	Mgbochi ọxịdashọn okpomọkụ n'okpuru 870 ℃, ike ga-eji dị ka ji esi mmiri ọkụ kpo oku elu anwụrụ, kpo oku ọkụ akụkụ, okpomọkụ Exchanger, muffle ọkụ, Ntụgharị, nozzles.
0Cr18Ni10Ti, 0Cr18Ni11Nb	Ọ bụ eguzogide elu okpomọkụ corrosion na ọxịdashọn na okpomọkụ nso nke 400 ~ 900 ℃, na ike ga-eji maka ọkpọkọ oyiyi akwa onye na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ bụ n'okpuru 850 ℃.
0Cr23Ni13	Mgbochi ọxịdashọn okpomọkụ ruo 980 ℃, eji maka burner ọkụ tube, uzuoku turbine agụba, kpo oku oku ahu, methane mgbanwe ngwaọrụ, elu okpomọkụ nkewa ngwaọrụ
0Cr25Ni20	Mgbochi ọxịdashọn okpomọkụ ruo 1035 ℃, eji kpo oku ọkụ akụkụ; gas nnyefe usoro akụkụ na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ n'okpuru 950 ℃
0Cr17Ni12Mo2, 0Cr19Ni13Mo2	The mgbochi ọxịdashọn okpomọkụ adịghị ala karịa 870 ℃, na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ bụ 600 ~ 750 ℃, okpomọkụ Exchanger tubes na ọkụ akwa akwa maka chemical ụlọ ọrụ na mmanụ refining.
0Cr17Ni7Al	Akụkụ dị elu na-ebu ibu na okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru 550 ℃